Relationship between area, velocity and pressure in nozzle flow. The discharge coefficients are the same for both types of venturi nozzles. If the nozzle pressure ratio is high enough, then the flow will reach sonic velocity at the narrowest point i. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Steam nozzles free download as powerpoint presentation. This is known as critical pressure ratio and different for different fluids. Kerrebrock and subsequently adapted by manuel martinezsanchez. Chow department of building services engineering, the hong kong polytechnic university, hong kong, china abstract water mist systems are widely used for fire protection in substituting gas protection halon system. Unit iii unit iii steam nozzles and turbines flow of steam through nozzles, shapes of nozzles, effect of friction, critical pressure ratio,supersaturated flow. Steam nozzles and turbines free lecture notes given below download free lecture notes pdf linki download free lecture notes pdf linkii download free lecture notes pdf linkiii download free lecture notes pdf linkiv download free lecture notes pdf linkv download free lecture notes pdf linkvi download free read more.
Peter walzels group at dortmund university has developed a pneumatic nebuliser, the miniaturised pneumatic extension nozzle pen, for sample introduction in inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry icpoes. Flow of steam through nozzles, shapes of nozzles, effect of friction, critical pressure ratio,supersaturated flow. The project on development of remaining three quadrants to nptel phasei under grant in aid nmeict, mhrd, new delhi. Consider a duct with a throat, connected at its inlet to a very large still air reservoir with total pressure and. In pump systems, excessive nozzle loading occurs when forces and moments acting on the inlet and discharge ports of a pump combine to give resultant forces which overcome a certain limit. Nozzle loads are the net forces and moments exerted on equipment nozzles. With so many nozzles to choose from, where do you start. Compared to square and circular nozzles, rectangular nozzle gives an increased velocity of about 23. Twodimensional kinetics tdk computer program, which has been combined with a boundary layer module blm, is the industry standard jannaf joint. Nozzle efficiency notes, fme, mechanical engineering.
The convergent nozzle is a spout that begins large and gets smaller, an abatement in crosssectional region. Numerical study on condensation process of steam flow in. Lecture notes on power station engineering for students eep. For exact geometry and specifications for nozzles, see iso 1991 or asme 1971. It is the ratio of actual enthalpy drop to isentropic enthalpy drop. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Vtunptelnmeict project progress report the project on. This document is highly rated by computer science engineering cse students and has been viewed 519 times. Nozzle and diffuser a nozzle is a device which accelerates fluid. This also can represent convergent nozzle for a fluid whose peculiarity is that while both velocity and specific volume increase, the rate of specific volume increase is less than that of the velocity, thus resulting in increasing value of v 200 elements of heat engines vol. Andy fredericks jeff shupe jay comella david mcgrail ray mccormack mike lombardo. Lecture notes on power station engineering for students 5th semester b. If steam at high pressure is allowed to expand through a stationary nozzle, the result will be a drop in the steam pressure and an increase in steam velocity. Differential pressure is the pressure difference p 1 p 2 shown in the above diagrams.
This section includes select lecture notes for the course excluding lessons on aircraft propulsion and jet engine rotordynamics. Nozzle is defined as a device intended to control the speed and direction, or alteration of a liquid stream particularly to expand speed as it exits or enters an encased chamber or pipe. When this limit is exceeded damage occurs to the system and performance is lost. Reid communicated by the deputy controller aircraft research and development, ministry of aviation reports and memoranda no. During this process, velocity of fluid increases with decreasing pressure. Spray nozzles are used in multitudes of manufacturing applications whether its cleaning, cooling, coating, humidifying or creating a chemical reaction, spray nozzles are usually involved. Gpm effective reach in feet 358 400 443 477 509 540 570 ss narrow fog wide fog gpm 3896 r. Feb 26, 2015 radial inflow nozzles spike nozzles, linearaerospike nozzle for x33 annular nozzles receiving significant research attention several publications call these concepts new in actuality, these ideas have been around for quite some time as we will see, there are serious challenges with implementation 31 32. Friction exists between the steam and the sides of the nozzle. Vessel d4mncrmov drum with 3 identical mild steel throughwelded nozzles with external mncrmov reinforcing pad, fig.
In an oil burner with 3 fixed capacity nozzles, the intermediate and high fire burner nozzles have higher capacities than the primary burner nozzle. A nozzle for easy introduction news chemistry world. The narrowest section of the cd nozzle is called throat. Nozzle pressure psi nozzle pressure psi 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 125 discharge in u. The flow of steam through nozzles may be regarded as adiabatic expansion. Both the conventional conventional bell and unconventional aerospike and expansiondeflection nozzles can be the subject of consideration of the moc. Bibliography there is a theme and the list is not complete, the list goes on and on. The steam passes through the stationary nozzles and is directed at high velocity againstthe rotor buckets causing the rotor to rotate at high speed. Steam nozzles introduction is a device of varied cross sectional area in which. Sample introduction for analytical chemists is about to become a lot easier, thanks to a group of german scientists and their new nebuliser. Steam nozzles ppt steam nozzles a nozzle is a duct of. Mechanical power engineering department faculty of engineering. Vessel m1mild steel drum with 3 identical mild steel pushout nozzles, thicker and slightly different in shape from those in vessel d1 above, fig.
Nozzles are typically used in 5 to 50 cm diameter pipes. The duct exit is now subjected to an adjustable exit. That means velocity of fluid decreases with increasing pressure. Along with the complete set of lecture notes, the following readings were assigned in the class. Explanation of nozzle loadings and how to minimise them. Types of nozzles the axisymmetric convergentdivergent bell nozzle that has been used as the example to this point is the standard for rocket nozzles, for several reasons. Supersonic flow in cdnozzles presents a rich behaviour, with shock waves and expansion waves usually taking place inside andor outside. The area of crosssection should therefore, be constant at all points, and the nozzle becomes a plain tube. Spray nozzle index technical products and services inc. View notes introduction to nozzles from eas 3530 at university of central florida. Divergent nozzles are used to produce supersonic flow in missiles and launch vehicles. In this nozzle the cross sectional area gradually decreases from the entrance area to the minimum area which is the exit.
Steam ejector is an important component in engineering applications, which require high. Apr 30, 2014 apr 26, 2020 nozzle efficiency notes, fme, mechanical engineering, semester, computer science engineering cse notes edurev is made by best teachers of computer science engineering cse. Numerical study on condensation process of steam flow in nozzles. Fluid mechanics phenomena in rocket nozzles some features. In an aerodynamic nozzle a convergent primary nozzle is housed within an afterbody which is surrounded. Steam nozzles nozzle statistical mechanics free 30day. These are a set of class notes for a gas dynamicsviscous flow course taught to. Siemens gas turbine sgt58000h during assembly in the siemens gas turbine manufacturing facility in berlin, germany. The area of crosssection should therefore, be constant at all points. The steam has a very high velocity at the end of the expansion, and the enthalpy decreases as expansion takes place. Chapter 91 oil burners for heating boilers flashcards quizlet. The flow and effective reach data found on the following pages is compiled and updated by our engineering staff in the testing area of our assembly department. Note such a nozzle was originally planned for the dcx, but was not used because of. Impulse and reaction principles, compounding, velocity diagrams for simple and multistage turbines, speed regulationsgovernors and nozzle governors.
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